Séminaire Labex en biomécanique et modélisation

Mercredi 10, 13h30 – 15h30 (INRA Champenoux), Salle “Tilleul”

Le LERFOB et le LabeX ARBRE vous invite à un séminaire exceptionnel animé par Rosario Sierra de Grado et Felipe Bravo, professeurs au Sustainable Forest Management Research Institut de l’Universidad de Valladolid & INIA Madrid.

13h30: Rosario Sierra de Grado

Straight  and twisted-stemmed populations in Pinus pinaster: different biomechanical capabilities? Stems, roots and biomass partitioning in tilted plants

14h30: Felipe Bravo

“Modelling Growth and Yield of Pinus sylvestris and Pinus pinaster in Central Spain: individual non-spatial approach, intengration on decision support systems and future integration of climate variable”

—-

Rosario is a forest geneticist, specialist of maritime pine breeding. She introduced biomechanical concepts and experiments in tree breeding research (Sierra de Grado et al. Trees 1997, Tree physiology 2008). She was the dean of the forest engineering program (bachelor and master level) of University of Valladolid on Palencia campus. They work in the . Both Her visit is motivated by opportunities of collaboration between our national projects (LABEX WADE task 2, ANR Tropic) and a national Spanish project.

Felipe Bravo is a forest scientist (interests in growth modeling, inventory, adaptive silviculture and forest management, see for example Bravo, F. et al. 2011 Growth and yield models in Spain: Historical overview, Contemporary Examples and perspectives. Forest Systems 20(2):315-328). He is responsible of the new master Erasmus Mundus Program MEDFOR « Mediterranean Forestry ». As Rosario, he was the dean of the forest engineering program (bachelor and master level) of University of Valladolid on Palencia campus. His visit is motivated by his participation in the thesis committee of Vivien Bonnesoeur. He is more generally involved in forest growth modeling, with Mathieu Fortin and Ruben Manso, in the framework of the ANR FOR-WIND. Felipe is also the supervisor with Heinrich Spiecker of the phD of Jorge Olivar, welcomed in LERFoB in 2012 in the Xylosciences platform.

Journées Docs/Postdocs LabeX

Salle de conférence (INRA-Champenoux)

27 MAI 2013

9h00 – 9h30: Introduction

9h30 – 11h15 : BIODIVERSITÉ ET DISTRIBUTION DES ESPÈCES

09h30 – 09h 45 : Caroline Rolland (EEF) « Effets des pratiques agricoles et des infrastructures agro-écologiques sur la diversité des Chiroptères »

09h45 – 10h00 : Lucy Mayer (EEF) « Importance de la variabilité des traits fonctionnels dans la compréhension de la structuration des communautés végétales de bandes enherbées»

10h00 – 10h30 : Pause café

10h30- 11h00 : Charlotte Grossiord (EEF) « Influence des conditions environnementales sur la relation Biodiversité – Fonctionnement des écosystèmes en forêt boréale»

11h00- 11h15 : Lucie Arnaudet (EEF) « Cœur et périphérie des massifs forestiers : une question d’écologie du paysage ou d’écologie historique ? »

 11h15 – 11h45 : PHYSIQUE DES SOLS

11h15 – 11h45 : Martin Maier (EEF) «Diffusion as exclusive gas transport process in the soil? »

11h45 – 13h30: pause repas

13h30 – 14h30: réponses aux contraintes

13h30-13h45 : Rosmery Robles Leon (EEF) « Effet de la fertilisation du sol sur la résilience des arbres à la sécheresse »

13h45-14h15 : François Bizet (EEF)

14h15-14h30 : Daphné Asse (EEF) « Etude dendroclimatique du hêtre (Fagus sylvatica L.) sur les plateaux calcaires de Bourgogne : analyse des incertitudes générées par les modèles climatiques à maille fine. »

 14h30 – 16h00: dynamiques des réserves

14h30 – 15h00 : Morgane Pluchon (EEF) « Nitrogen dynamics in Eucalyptus, grown in monoculture and in association with Acacia as nitrogen fixing species (NFS) »

15h00 – 15h15 : Mahsa Farjad (EEF) « Impact du mélange robinier/peuplier sur l’assimilation et l’allocation d’azote de peupliers cultivés en plantation à courte rotation »

15h15-15h30 : Mohamed Hamdani (EEF) « Effet de l’introduction d’une espèce fixatrice d’azote (robinier) dans une plantation expérimentale de peupliers (taillis à courte rotation) sur les capacités de mise en réserve du carbone et de l’azote dans les organes pérennes de peupliers. »

15h30-16h00: Cécilia Gana (EEF) « Impact d’un mélange d’espèces fixatrice/non fixatrice d’azote (Robinia pseudoacacia/Populus x euramericana) sur l’allocation et la dynamique du carbone d’une plantation à courte rotation»

16h00 – 16h15: Conclusion et discussions

 28 MAI 2013

9h00 – 9h15: Introduction

9h30 – 10H30 : INTERACTIONS PLANTES MICRO-ORGANISMES ET ECOLOGIE MICROBIENNE

9h00 – 9h20 : Clément Pellegrin (IAM) « Functional analysis of putative symbiosis effectors of the ectomycorrhizal symbiont Laccaria bicolor »

9h20 – 9h45 : Stéphane Hacquard (IAM) “The hunt for effectors in the secretome of Melampsora larici-populina

9h45 – 10h10 : Laura Kelly (IAM)  « Bacterial contributions to soil mineral weathering processes in a forest ecosystem »

10h10 – 10h30 : Justine Mauer-Halet (IAM)  « Interactions entre deux bactéries du sol, Streptomyces ambofaciensPseudomonas fluorescens »

10h30 – 11h00     Pause

11h00 – 12h05: SESSION CHAMPIGNONS

11h00 – 11h20 : Aurélie Deroy (IAM)  « Evolution et adaptation du système de détoxication chez Trametes versicolor, un champignon dégrandant le bois.»

11h20 – 11h40 : Thibaut Payen (IAM) « Large scale identification and mapping of single nucleotide polymorphisms in black truffle (Tuber melanosporum) by genome resequencing»

11h40 – 12h05 : Sebastian Wittulsky (IAM)   « Manipulation of trehalose biosynthesis in Laccaria bicolor

12h05 – 13h35: PAUSE REPAS

13h35 – 14h25: SESSION CHAMPIGNONS (SUITE)

13h35 – 14h00 : Balázs Vajna (Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hongrie)« Lignocellulose degrading activity of oyster mushroom during substrate colonization and the potential role of bacteria during this process »

14h00 – 14h20 : Alice Vayssières  (IAM) « Reprogramming of root development by the ectomycorrhizal fungus Laccaria bicolor: Involvement of auxin pathways »

 14h20 – 15h00: SESSION BOIS

14h20 – 14h40 : Kevin Candelier (LERMAB) : « Influence of inert atmosphere used (nitrogen and vacuum) during heat treatment of wood on its final physical and chemical properties »

14h40 – 15h00 : Jean Bosco Saha Tchinda (LERMAB) : « Activités antioxidantes, phénols totaux et composition chimique des extraits de quatre essences camerounaises: Moabi, Movingui, Padouk et Tali »

15h00 – 15h05   Zineb Kebbi-Benkeder (Poster) (LERMAB) : « Secondary metabolites in the knots of different tree species »

 

15h05 – 15h35    Pause

15h35 – 16h35: SESSION RÉPONSE AUX STRESS

15h35 – 16h00 : Rita Teixeira :  « Analysis of key transcription factors responsible for root meristem maintenance under biotic and abiotic stress »

16h00 – 16h20 : Henri Pégeot : « Etude structure-fonction des glutathion transférases de la classe Phi chez l’arbre modèle Populus trichocarpa »

16h20 – 16h40 : Anne Thuillier : « Caractérisation fonctionnelle d’une famille de glutathion transférases, enzymes de détoxication d’un champignon ligninolytique »

16h40 – 17H00 : Conclusions et discussions

 

 

 

 

Séminaire LABEX

Salle de conférence UFR, Université de Lorraine (Campus de Vandoeuvre)

Mardi 12 mars – 8h00-10h00

Communication during plant-microbe interactions

Danny Vereecke

Hogeschool Gent, Belgique

Plants emit a wide variety of compounds that have a significant effect on the behavior of microbes that live in their proximity. Many microbes are attracted by the plant emissions and in response will engage in beneficial but also in pathogenic interactions. To guarantee the success of these interactions, microbes will often first communicate amongst each other, to ensure that the conditions for the onset of the contact are optimal. Finally, in beneficial but also in certain pathogenic interactions, plant and microbe establish an equilibrium permitting a long lasting life together. In this lecture I will try to give an overview of the diversity of molecular communication mechanisms that can occur during plant-microbe interactions using different examples of well-studied symbioses and pathologies.

 

 

 

Séminaire LabEx

Salle de Conférence de l’INRA-Nancy (Champenoux), mardi 5 février 2013, 14h00

Biogeochemical Cycling in Forests of the Sierra Nevada Mountains: The Classical Conceptual Model Does Not Fit

Dale W. Johnson

Natural Resources and Environmental Science, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada USA

The classical conceptual models of biogeochemical cycling include inputs by precipitation, Nfixation, and (later) dry deposition. Outputs include leaching or streamflow and sometimes erosion. The classical soil nutrient cycling sub-models portray intense competition between roots and microbes for limiting nutrients, usually nitrogen. Forests of the Sierra Nevada Mountains of Nevada and California do not fit this model. Because of extremely dry summers, roots – and therefore root-microbe competition – are absent in the forest floor (O horizons). Nutrient mineralization in O horizons is carried by water flowing over the mineral soil, which becomes hydrophobic every summer when it dries out.  We find evidence that entry of these nutrient-rich waters into preferential flow paths in soils creates nutrient hotspots, which are nearly always abundant in these soils.

The most significant reason that the classical biogeochemical models are not applicable to Sierran forests is the omission of fire. These forests are naturally prone to fire, and wildfire in recent times has become more frequent and severe because of unnatural fuel buildups and climate warming. On an annualized basis, the losses of nitrogen by volatilization during fires is many orders of magnitude greater than losses by leaching. Fire can indirectly cause net increases in the nitrogen capital of these ecosystems, however, by fostering  post-fire N2 fixing vegetation which inputs N to the system at a rate that is at least an order of magnitude greater than inputs by precipitation. Fire is far more important than water in controlling the fluxes nitrogen in these systems over the long term.